Education Curriculum

To get a sense of the formulation of the curriculum, the experts expressed mixed views. In the classical view, more emphasis is seen as a curriculum in a school lesson plans. The lessons and what material should be taken at school, that curriculum. George A. Beauchamp (1986) stated that: "A Curriculun is a written document the which may contain many ingredients, but Basically it is a plan for the education of pupils during Their enrollment in school given". In the modern view, the notion of curriculum is more considered as a real experience or something that happens in the educational process, as suggested by Caswel and Campbell (1935) who said that the curriculum ... to be composed of all the experiences children have under the guidance of teachers. Confirmed again by the thought of Ronald C. Doll (1974) which says that: "... the curriculum has changed from the content of study courses and list of subjects and courses to all experiences Offered to the which are under the auspices Learners or direction of school.

To accommodate these differences, Hamid Hasan (1988) suggested that the concept of curriculum can be reviewed in four dimensions, namely:

    curriculum as an idea; generated through the theories and research, particularly in the areas of curriculum and education.
    curriculum as a written plan, as the embodiment of the curriculum as an idea; which contains therein about the objectives, materials, activities, tools, and time.
    curriculum as an activity, which is an implementation of the curriculum as a written plan; in the form of teaching practice.
    curriculum as a result of which is a consequence of the curriculum as an activity, in the form of achievement of achievement of the objectives of the curriculum changes in behavior or specific abilities of the learners.

Meanwhile, Purwadi (2003) sorting understanding curriculum into six sections: (1) curriculum as an idea, (2) formal curriculum in the form of documents that serve as guidelines and guidance in implementing the curriculum, (3) the curriculum according to the perception of teachers, (4) curriculum operations carried out by the teacher's or dioprasional in class, (5) curriculum curriculum experience that is experienced by learners, and (6) curriculum derived from the application of the curriculum.

In the perspective of national education policy as can be seen in the Law on National Education System No. 20 of 2003 states that: "The curriculum is a set of plans and arrangements regarding the purpose, content, and teaching materials and methods used to guide the implementation of learning to achieve specific educational goals".